City, Identity and Nation: Pombaline Architecture versus Gothic Architecture in 19th Century Lisbon (1823-1846)

Abstract

This chapter aims to show how, in the period between 1820 and 1850, in Portugal, within the cultural framework of Romantic and Liberal nationalism, the affirmation of Gothic architecture as the truly national, led to the artistic and heritage devaluation of the Lisbon rebuilt by the Marquis of Pombal after the 1755 earthquake, and to the establishment of the conceptual basis of a new architecture for the city, more identitary, with medieval roots.