The blood-epididymis barrier: Its relevance for male fertility

Abstract

The existence of a blood-epididymis barrier is a core phenomenon in protecting the spermatozoa – that represent an immunologic challenge for the male organism - during their maturation and transit through the epididymides from an attack of the immune system. The blood epididymal barrier is less restrictive than the testicular one, and results from the colaboration of different cells and molecules that build up a protective shield and secure an immune privileged microenvironnement, vital for sperm maturation. In this chapter the three components that colaboratively engage in the blood epididymal barrier will be reviewed and their individual contribution to protection of the spermatozoa from the immune system discussed. Furthermore, it will also be critically discussed its relevance for sperm survival and male fertility.