Pôr em andamento o filosofar. Heidegger e o método de ensino filosófico

Abstract

Martin Heidegger was not only one of the most important thinkers of the twentieth-century; he was also an extraordinary teacher for philosophy. However, one cannot find a specific text on this topic amongst his vast work. By focusing on a seminar from 1941/1942 and the lectures from 1951/1952, this essay aims at finding an overarching design for Heidegger’s conception of the teaching activity as such – just as sketched in his Introduction to Philosophy (1928/1929). If, in the latter, the teacher is seen as the leader of a (phenomenological) procedure, in both the seminar and the lectures the role of the teacher is put side by side with that of the conductor (Leiter) of an orchestra – playing in concert the purest musical form of thought –, and of the artisan (Handwerker), who shapes the new in a special manufactory where each’s ability to self-expression is forged. These three different, but interrelated meanings of the teacher’s role help to render visible the teaching craft, a pure matter of «teaching how to learn».